Introduction: HTLV-1 is associated with the occurrence of periodontitis. The reason why individuals infected by HTLV-1 develop periodontal disease is not known. Objectives: To evaluate the association between proviral load and inflammatory cytokines and periodontal disease in HTLV-1 infection. Methods: Cross-sectional study realized in the HTLV-1 Multidisciplinary Ambulatory of Professor Edgard Santos University Hospital Complex Immunology Service (Com-HUPES). The patients periodontium was evaluated by probing and we used the cytokine dosage and the latest proviral load registered in the database available in the Immunology Service Multidisciplinary Ambulatory (com-HUPES). Inclusion Criteria: individuals infected with HTLV-1 with and without periodontal disease. Results: Eighty HTLV-1 infected subjects were included in this study and 40 patients presented periodontal disease and 40 subjects without periodontal disease. The median proviral load and interquartile range in subjects without and with periodontal disease were 14915.0 (IQ 1333.750-47195.900) and 18863.5 (IQ 1348.750-68631.250), respectively, p>0.5. The production of TNF in controls without periodontal disease was 17.0 pg and in patients with periodontal disease was 43.0 pg with p>0.5. The production of IFN was 362.5 pg and 885.0 pg respectively p>0.5. There hasn’t also been difference related to the production of IL-10 and the occurrence of periodontal disease, p>0.5. It hasn’t been observed difference between proviral load, IFN, TNF and IL-10 in relation to the periodontal disease gravity.Conclusion: The lack of relationship between inflammatory response or proviral load with periodontal disease associated with HTLV-1 indicates that other factors in addition to pro-viral load and immune response are involved in the migration of HTLV-1 to the periodontium.